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was the 123rd Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession, reigning from 30 July 1912, until his death in 1926. The Emperor’s personal name was . According to Japanese custom, during the reign the emperor is called ''the (present) Emperor''. After death he is known by a posthumous name that, according to a practice dating to 1912, is the name of the era coinciding with his reign. Having ruled during the Taishō period, he is known as ''The Taishō Emperor''. ==Early life== Prince Yoshihito was born at the Akasaka Palace in Tokyo to the Emperor Meiji and Yanagihara Naruko, a concubine with the official title of ''gon-no-tenji'' ("lady of the bedchamber"). As was common practice at the time, the Meiji emperor's consort, Empress Shōken, was officially regarded as his mother. He received the personal name of Yoshihito Shinnō and the title ''Haru-no-miya'' from the emperor on 6 September 1879. His two older siblings had died in infancy, and he too was born sickly.〔Keene, ''Emperor of Japan:Meiji and His World''. page 320-321.〕 Prince Yoshihito contracted cerebral meningitis within three weeks of his birth, leaving him in poor health.〔Bix, ''Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan''. Page 22〕 (It has also been rumoured that he suffered from lead poisoning, supposedly contracted from the lead-based makeup his wet nurse used.) As was the practice at the time, Prince Yoshihito was entrusted to the care of Prince Nakayama Tadayasu, in whose house he lived from infancy until the age of seven. Prince Nakayama had also raised Emperor Meiji as a child.〔Donald Calman, ''Nature and Origins of Japanese Imperialism'' (2013), (pp. 92–93 )〕 From March 1885, Prince Yoshihito moved to the Aoyama Detached Palace, where he was tutored in the mornings on reading, writing, arithmetic, and morals, and in the afternoons on sports, but progress was slow due to the his poor health and frequent fevers.〔Keene, ''Emperor of Japan:Meiji and His World''. page 397-398.〕 From 1886, he was taught together with 15–20 selected classmates from the ''ōke'' and higher ranking ''kazoku'' peerage at a special school, the ''Gogakumonsho'', within the Aoyama Palace.〔 Yoshihito was officially declared heir on 31 August 1887, and had his formal investiture as crown prince on 3 November 1888. While crown prince, he was often referred to simply as (a long-used generic East Asian term meaning crown prince). In September 1887 Yoshihito entered the elementary department of the Gakushuin, but due to his health problems he was often unable to continue his studies. He spent much of his youth by the sea at the Imperial villas at Hayama and Numazu for health reasons. Although the prince showed skill in some areas, such as horse riding, he proved to be poor in areas requiring higher-level thought. He was finally withdrawn from Gakushuin before finishing the middle school course in 1894. However, he did appear to have an aptitude for languages and continued to receive extensive tutoring in French, Chinese, and history from private tutors at the Akasaka Palace; Emperor Meiji gave Prince Takehito responsibility for taking care of Prince Yoshihito, and the two princes became friends. From 1898, largely at the insistence of Itō Hirobumi, the Prince began to attend sessions of the House of Peers of the Diet of Japan as a way of learning about the political and military concerns of the country. In the same year, he gave his first official receptions to foreign diplomats, with whom he was able to shake hands and converse graciously.〔Keene, ''Emperor of Japan:Meiji and His World''. page 547.〕 His infatuation with western culture and tendency to sprinkle French words into his conversations was a source of irritation for Emperor Meiji.〔Keene, ''Emperor of Japan:Meiji and His World''. page 552.〕 In October 1898, the Prince also traveled from the Numazu Imperial Villa to Kobe, Hiroshima, and Etajima, visiting sites connected with the Imperial Japanese Navy. He made another tour in 1899 to Kyūshū, visiting government offices, schools and factories (such as Yawata Iron and Steel in Fukuoka and the Mitsubishi shipyards in Nagasaki).〔Keene, ''Emperor of Japan:Meiji and His World''. page 554.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Emperor Taishō」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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